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OBJECTIVE To study pharmacodynamics and potential mechanism of Blumea balsamifera total flavonoids against acute myocardial infarction （AMI） model rats. METHODS AMI model of SD rats was established by ligating anterior descending branch of left coronary artery. Fifty model rats were randomly divided into model group （0.8% carboxymethyl cellulose solution）， positive control group （Compound danshen tablet， 300 mg/kg）， B. balsamifera total flavonoids low-dose， medium-dose and high- dose groups （3， 10， 30 mg/kg）， with 10 rats in each group. Other 10 rats were included in sham operation group （0.8% carboxymethyl cellulose solution）. After 1 day of surgery， they were given relevant medicine 3 mL/kg intragastrically， once a day， for 4 consecutive weeks. The changes of S-T segment were recorded before and after operation， after weekly intragastric administration. The hemodynamic indexes of rats were all determined， i.e. systolic blood pressure （SBP）， diastolic blood pressure （DBP）， mean arterial pressure （MAP）， left ventricular systolic pressure （LVSP）， left ventricular end diastolic blood pressure （LVEDP）， maximal left ventricular pressure rising rate （+LVdp/dtmax）， maximal left ventricular pressure decreasing rate （－LVdp/ dtmax）. The levels of serum myocardial enzymes [lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）， creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB （CK-MB）] and inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-1β] were determined. The myocardial infarction rate of rats and the phosphorylation levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K） and protein kinase B （Akt） proteins in myocardial tissue were determined. RESULTS Compared with model group， S-T segments of electrocardiogram were all decreased significantly in administration groups （P＜0.05）. SBP， DBP， MAP， LVSP， +LVdp/dtmax， －LVdp/dtmax， and ratio of p-PI3KTyr607/ PI3K， p-AktThr308/Akt， p-Aktser473/Akt were increased significantly in B. balsamifera total flavonoids medium-dose and high-dose groups （P＜0.05）. The levels of LVEDP， serum myocardial enzymes and inflammatory factors， myocardial infarction rate were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS balsamifera total flavonoids can improve cardiac function of AMI model rats， the mechanism of which may be associated with inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factor and activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the efficacy of electrical stimulation on shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke, and compare the curative effect of different electrical stimulation therapies. MethodsThe randomized controlled trials (RCT) about the effect of electrical stimulation on shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke were retrieved from eight databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, VIP and Wanfang data, from the establishment to February 14th, 2023. Two researchers selected and screened the literature, and evaluated the quality of methodology independently. RevMan 5.4 software and Stata 14.0 software were used for meta-analysis and network meta-analysis, respectively. ResultsA total of 18 RCT were selected, including 1 310 cases. Compared to conventional rehabilitation therapy alone, electrical stimulation combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy could improve the scores of Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities (MD = 8.17, 95%CI 6.90 to 9.45, P < 0.001) and modified Barthel Index (MD = 11.80, 95%CI 10.18 to 13.42, P < 0.001), and reduce the Visual Analogue Score (MD = -1.68, 95%CI -2.03 to -1.32, P < 0.001) and edema score (MD = -0.98, 95%CI -1.18 to -0.79, P < 0.001). The best effect of improving upper limb function followed as intermediate frequency electrotherapy, electroacupuncture, low frequency electrotherapy and routine rehabilitation therapy. The best effect of improving pain followed as electroacupuncture, intermediate frequency electrotherapy, low frequency electrotherapy and routine rehabilitation therapy. ConclusionElectrical stimulation therapy can relieve pain and edema of patients with shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke, and improve upper limb activity and activities of daily living. Intermediate frequency electrotherapy is the best in improving upper limb function, and electroacupuncture is the best in relieving pain.
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Objective:To investigate the influencing factors of chemotherapy induced oral mucositis (CIOM) in patients with head and neck tumors.Methods:The clinical data of 98 patients with head and neck tumors treated in Nantong Tumor Hospital of Jiangsu Province from July 2017 to July 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into CIOM group ( n=82) and non-CIOM group ( n=16) according to whether CIOM occurred after chemotherapy. The general clinical data of the two groups were compared, and the levels of serum cystatin C (Cys-C) , hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and homocysteine (Hcy) before chemotherapy of the two groups were detected and compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of CIOM. Results:There were statistically significant differences in body mass index (BMI) ( χ2=6.44, P=0.011) , oral care ( χ2=4.36, P=0.037) , smoking history ( χ2=7.82, P=0.005) , oral pH value ( χ2=26.16, P<0.001) , radiotherapy history ( χ2=13.31, P<0.001) , chemotherapy regimen ( χ2=4.53, P=0.033) , application of antibiotics ( χ2=14.53, P<0.001) and application of oral mucosal protective agents ( χ2=12.85, P=0.001) between the CIOM group and non-CIOM group. The serum Cys-C [ (1.43±0.36) mg/L vs. (1.05±0.28) mg/L], hs-CRP [ (19.64±2.05) μmol/L vs. (13.49±1.55) μmol/L] and Hcy [ (14.34±1.71) μmol/L vs. (9.63±1.38) μmol/L] before chemotherapy of the CIOM group were significantly higher than those of the non-CIOM group, with statistically significant differences ( t=3.88, P<0.001; t=11.38, P<0.001; t=10.36, P<0.001) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI<18.5 kg/m 2 ( OR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.18-2.14, P=0.005) , poor oral care ( OR=2.42, 95% CI: 1.70-4.36, P=0.013) , smoking history ( OR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.25-2.28, P=0.003) , oral pH≤7 ( OR=2.46, 95% CI: 1.48-4.06, P<0.001) , radiotherapy history ( OR=2.04, 95% CI: 1.60-3.44, P<0.001) , chemotherapy regimen containing fluorouracil (5-FU) ( OR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.36-2.83, P=0.006) , and increased Cys-C ( OR=2.03, 95% CI: 1.40-3.02, P<0.001) , hs-CRP ( OR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.64-3.19, P<0.001) and Hcy ( OR=1.77, 95% CI: 1.27-2.53, P<0.001) before chemotherapy were independent risk factors for the occurrence of CIOM in patients with head and neck tumors, while the application of antibiotics ( OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.43-0.95, P<0.001) and oral mucosal protective agents ( OR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.27-0.88, P<0.001) were independent protective factors for the occurrence of CIOM in patients with head and neck tumors. Conclusion:BMI<18.5 kg/m 2, poor oral care, smoking history, oral pH≤7, radiotherapy history, chemotherapy regimen containing 5-FU, increased Cys-C, hs-CRP and Hcy before chemotherapy are independent risk factors of head and neck tumors patients complicated with CIOM, while the application of antibiotics and oral mucosal protective agents are independent protective factors.
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The clinical phenotypes and genotypes of a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) concomitant with MYT1L gene mutation were analyzed retrospectively, who was admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Henan Children′s Hospital in April 2019.Whole genome sequencing and copy number variations detection were performed on the child and relevant articles about MYT1L mutation were subjected to a literature review.It was found that this child had a missense mutation of MYT1L gene (c.2186T>G, p.Met729Arg) in 15 exon and was in a state of chimera, with about 10% of the mutation rate.This mutation was not identified in the parents and brother of this patient.A total of 18 reports of MYT1L-related genetic abnormalities were retrieved, including 53 patients in total (including this case), including 22 patients with point mutations and 30 patients containing MYT1L gene region with 2p25.3 chromosomal microdeletions.The incidence of autism was 45.0% (18/40 cases), that of overweight/obesity was 70.2% (33/47 cases) and that of dysnoesia/hypoevolutism was 96.2%(51/53 cases). However, chimeras had relatively mild symptoms.It indicates that the mutation of MYT1L is an important risk factor of ASD, but chimeras have mild symptoms.The children with ASD who are obese or overweight should be alerted to the possible presence of MYT1L mutation, and genetic testing can be performed to confirm the diagnosis and the possibility of chimerism.The spectrum of genetic mutations in ASD was expanded in this study.
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Benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） model， as a carrier of BPH， is vital for exploring the pathogenesis of the disease and evaluating the efficacy of corresponding drugs. This paper reviewed the in vivo and in vitro models of BPH， the modeling principles and methods， and evaluation indicators， and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of different types of models. At present， the BPH model is getting closer to the clinical characteristics of human BPH， providing powerful support for the evaluation of drug efficacy. Furthermore， the model has been developed towards cytology to allow further research on the pathogenesis of BPH. The relevant testing indicators reflect the core pathological changes of BPH from different levels， providing a guarantee for further exploring the pathogenesis of BPH and the development of prevention and control drugs. However， no model can fully simulate the natural development process of human BPH， and each model and evaluation criterion has its unique advantages and limitations. In terms of model evaluation， most BPH models are assessed based on benign prostate enlargement （BPE）， and there is still a lack of reliable models to simulate BPH progression and combine with bladder dysfunction. In terms of indicator evaluation， symptom-reflected behavioral indicators are absent in the replication of BPH models in animals. The study of the BPH model in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） only focuses on the replication and investigation of the "disease" model， rather than the "syndromes" and "signs"， which cannot simulate the syndrome differentiation and treatment under the guidance of the TCM theory. In view of the above deficiencies， we should further improve the modeling method based on clinical characteristics， explore the multifactor composite models， especially those of disease-syndrome combination suitable for basic research of TCM， replicate the model closing to disease development， and optimize the evaluation indicators， which is of great theoretical and practical significance to develop drugs for effective prevention and control of BPH.
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China Association of Chinese Medicine organized specialists in andrology of Chinese and western medicine to explore the population and treatment stage of benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） with Chinese medicine as the leading therapy. Chinese medicine has great advantages in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. However， it is necessary to make clear the stage when Chinese medicine or modern medical treatment can be used as the leading therapy， and the conditions under which Chinese and western medicine can be combined to achieve the best treatment efficacy. The specialists agreed Chinese medicine as the leading therapy for the treatment of BPH in the following populations or conditions： the elderly and weak patients with basic diseases， BPH symptoms， and cannot tolerate anesthesia and surgery， the patients with BPH symptoms and cannot tolerate the adverse reactions or the possible adverse reactions of western medicine； the patients with mild ［international prostatic symptom score （IPSS） ≤ 7］ or moderate lower urinary tract symptoms （IPSS ≥ 8） and the quality of life not significantly affected， the patients with bladder detrusor hypofunction， bladder dysfunction and cannot be treated surgically， or with incomplete bladder emptying after surgical treatment； the BPH patients with prostatitis as the main clinical manifestation， the patients with non-acute complications after operation. BPH is one of the dominant diseases in urology and andrology of Chinese medicine， and the symptoms， complications， and prognosis of BPH patients need to be fully considered during the clinical treatment. When Chinese medicine is taken as the leading therapy， it is essential to regularly review the serum level of prostate-specific antigen to exclude the possibility of prostate cancer， and apply Chinese medicine for full treatment course and cycle. At the same time， Chinese and western medicine can be combined to achieve the most effective， convenient， economical， and satisfactory treatment， which can carry forward the advantages of Chinese medicine in treating this disease.
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Objective:To evaluate the effect of esketamine on postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia.Methods:Two hundred and twenty-four elderly patients, aged ≥ 65 yr, with American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅰ-Ⅲ, undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia, were divided into 2 groups ( n=112 each) using a random number table method: esketamine group (S group) and control group (C group). Esketamine 0.5 mg/kg was intravenously injected before anesthesia induction in S group, while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in C group.The Fuzzy Consciousness Assessment Scale (3D-CAM) was used to assess the occurrence of POD within 7 days after surgery.The consumption of propofol, remifentanil and sufentanil and use of vasoactive drugs were recorded during operation.The rescue analgesia within 48 h after operation and occurrence of postoperative complications were recorded. Results:Compared with C group, the incidence of POD was significantly decreased, the intraoperative consumption of remifentanil was reduced, and the utilization rate of vasoactive drugs, rate of rescue analgesia and incidence of postoperative vertigo, nausea and vomiting within 48 h after surgery were decreased in S group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Esketamine can reduce the development of POD in elderly patients.
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Blood-brain barrier (BBB) strictly controls matter exchange between blood and brain, and severely limits brain penetration of systemically administered drugs, resulting in ineffective drug therapy of brain diseases. However, during the onset and progression of brain diseases, BBB alterations evolve inevitably. In this review, we focus on nanoscale brain-targeting drug delivery strategies designed based on BBB evolutions and related applications in various brain diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, stroke, traumatic brain injury and brain tumor. The advances on optimization of small molecules for BBB crossing and non-systemic administration routes (
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Breast cancer brain metastases (BCBMs) are one of the most difficult malignancies to treat due to the intracranial location and multifocal growth. Chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy are extremely ineffective for BCBMs due to the inept brain accumulation because of the formidable blood‒brain barrier (BBB). Accumulation studies prove that low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is promising target for BBB transcytosis. However, as the primary clearance receptor for amyloid beta and tissue plasminogen activator, LRP1 at abluminal side of BBB can clear LRP1-targeting therapeutics. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) is highly enriched in metastatic niche to promote growth of BCBMs. Herein, it is reported that nanoparticles (NPs-K-s-A) tethered with MMP1-sensitive fusion peptide containing HER2-targeting K and LRP1-targeting angiopep-2 (A), can surmount the BBB and escape LRP1-mediated clearance in metastatic niche. NPs-K-s-A revealed infinitely superior brain accumulation to angiopep-2-decorated NPs-A in BCBMs bearing mice, while comparable brain accumulation in normal mice. The delivered doxorubicin and lapatinib synergistically inhibit BCBMs growth and prolongs survival of mice bearing BCBMs. Due to the efficient BBB penetration, special and remarkable clearance escape, and facilitated therapeutic outcome, the fusion peptide-based drug delivery strategy may serve as a potential approach for clinical management of BCBMs.
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Objective To explore the transmission pattern of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the population by describing an imported case of novel coronavirus infected pneumonia epidemic situation. Methods Using the method of field investigation, epidemiological investigations were carried out for the imported COVID-19 case and the close contacts related to this epidemic cluster.Data were collected concerning the date of onset, isolation of the case and close contacts.The novel coronavirus nucleic acid was collected from the throat swabs of the case and close contacts.These samples were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. Results In this epidemic cluster, there was one confirmed case, that had been exposed to 36 people (12 in the family and 24 outside the family) and 2 in the family were nucleic acid positive and diagnosed as asymptomatic infections. Conclusion COVID-19 transmission proves to be mainly through respiratory droplets and close contact, which easily causes family aggregation epidemic.
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Glioma is a kind of tumors with high genetic heterogeneity. Preoperative gene prediction of glioma plays a definite guiding role in the treatment and prognosis evaluation of patients. In recent years, many advanced imaging methods, such as multimodal MRI and radiomics, have been gradually applied to non-invasive gene detection of glioma. In this article, the multimodal MRI and radiomics progresses of glioma gene detection were reviewed.
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Objective To explore the roles of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1 ) and protoporphyrin zinc IX (ZnPPIX ) , its inhibitor , in cisplatin chemotherapy for gastric cancer so as to provide potential targets for chemosensitivity in gastric cancer .Methods Gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 was used in vitro .MTT assay was carried out to determine the effects of ZnPPIX and CDDP on the proliferation in gastric cancer cells .The expression of HO-1 in gastric cancer cells was measured by Real-time PCR and Western blot ,respectively .The gastric cancer xenografts in nude mice were used to study the effects of ZnPPIX and CDDP in gastric cancer on tumor formation in vivo .Results The proliferation of cancer cells ,interfered by CDDP in combination with ZnPPIX ,could be significantly inhibited (P<0 .05) .Moreover ,CDDP could increase the expression of HO-1 in gastric cancer cells , which was reversed by ZnPPIX (P<0 .05) .The animal experiment showed that CDDP could inhibit gastric cancer growth in nude mice and reduce tumor volume and weight . Conclusion ZnPPIX could enhance the chemosensitivity of CDDP in gastric cancer ,which may be a potential sensitizer of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in gastric cancer .
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Objective@#To investigate the correlation between postoperative recurrence and clinical parameters in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), and to study predicitve value of total scores of eosinophils (EOS) and sinus CT for postoperative recurrence.@*Methods@#A retrospective analysis of 264 patients with CRSwNP who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from June 2013 to December 2015 was performed. The patient was subjected to a visual analogue scale (VAS) score, a skin prick test, a peripheral blood cell count, a sinus CT score, and a nasal polyp EOS count. All patients underwent endoscopic surgery and were followed up for at least 2 years. The demographic characteristics of the nasal polyps recurrence group and the non-recurrence group were compared with other clinical indicators. Quantitative data were compared by t test or Mann-Whitney U test, qualitative data were compared by chi-square test, and Logistic regression analysis was used for Logistic regression analysis. The risk factors for recurrence were assessed. The best cut-off value was determined by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The predictive value of the parameters was determined by area under curve (AUC). The difference was statistically significant at P<0.05.@*Results@#The recurrence rate of the study patients was 43.56% (115/264). Sex, olfactory VAS score, total sinus CT score, peripheral blood neutrophil ratio, peripheral blood EOS absolute value and proportion, and tissue EOS absolute value and proportion were associated with postoperative recurrence of nasal polyps (χ2=5.241, t=-3.146, t=-7.441, χ2=180.617, t=-5.313, χ2=100.067, t=-7.471, χ2=258.916, all P<0.05), and the tissue EOS ratio and total sinus CT scores have higher predictive value for recurrence of nasal polyps (AUC values were 0.793, 0.767, respectively, all P<0.001). With the EOS ratio of nasal polyps >0.032, the sensitivity of predicting recurrence was 83.48%, the specificity was 56.38%. With the total score of sinus CT>15, the sensitivity of predicting recurrence was 51.30% and the specificity was 87.25%. The combined sensitivity of predictive recurrence was 92.00% and the specificity was 49.20%.@*Conclusion@#The percentage of EOS in nasal polyps and the total score of sinus CT in patients with CRSwNP have better predictive diagnostic value for recurrence of nasal polyps.
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Objective:To improve the immobilization efficiency of antibody molecules on immune microarray,the method of es-tablishment and optimization of agarose self-assembled membrane carrier with three-dimensional hydrogel structure was established. Methods: The agarose self-assembled membrane carrier was prepared by using glass slide as the carrier,using agarose and sodium periodate modification on glass surface. The agarose self-assembled membrane carrier was characterized by TEM, AFM and FTIR. The optimum preparation conditions were obtained. The carrier for two different species of fixed source antibody efficiency were studied. Antibody loading capacity of agarose self-assembled membrane carrier and ordinary aldehyde carrier were investigated and compared by fluorescence microscopy imaging and Image J software. Results: The agarose nano-membrane carrier had uniform and compact surface. This structure could increase the specific surface area and improve the probe fixed rate. The optimal concentration of agarose for preparation of carrier was 1. 0% . When the concentration of IgG was 0. 3-0. 4 mg/ml,the oxidized self-assembled chitosan film substrate had highest antibody loading capacity. And it had a 3. 94 fold higher antibody loading capacity than the ordinary aldehyde carrier. Conclusion: The agarose nano-membrane carrier is an ideal method for surface modification of immobilized antibody molecules, which is more suitable for preparation of immune microarray carrier.
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Three kinds of glass sharp electrospray ionization devices were built for direct mass spectrometry (MS) analysis using sharp slide,slender capillary and sharp dropper. Through the simulation experiment and mass spectrometry experimental investigation,the influence of the experimental conditions was studied. Under the optimum working conditions such as the electrospray tip diameter was less than 0.24 mm, the distance between the electrospray tip and the MS sample inlet was 10 mm, the electrospray voltage was 4.5 kV, the electrospray capillary angle was about 5.0°-7.5° (upper at back) and the left and right angles were 0°, 0.1 mg/mL sample solution(containing 1% formic acid for positive ion detection,or ammonium hydroxide for negative ion detection) could be well analyzed by MS. In positive or negative ion modes, the quinine, mandelic acid,benzoin,phenylalanine and other different types of sample solutions were analyzed by MS. The result showed that quinine,mandelic acid,benzoin,phenylalanine,tartaric acid,2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) and tangeretin could be detected in positive ion mode using sharp dropper electrospray. DHB, phenylalanine, tartaric acid and mandelic acid were detected in negative ion mode. Sharp slide electrospray was suitable for measuring the stable sample in the air, capillary electrospray and sharp dropper electrospray were suitable for detecting many low viscosity sample solution even instable sample. Using the method, the extraction solution of propranolol hydrochloride tablet and berberine hydrochloride tablet was directly analyzed by MS. The results showed that the glass sharp electrospray method had the advantages such as without carrier gas, simple structure, easy to build and operate, rapid analysis, anti-cross pollution, and could be conveniently used for MS analysis.
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Objective:To explore the clinicopathologic characteristics of gastric mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC). Methods:From January 2011 to December 2016, the clinical and pathological data of 35 patients with gastric MANEC who were diagnosed and surgically treated in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results:The average age of the 32 men and 3 women in this study was 61.6±7.5 years. Tumor locations were as follows:17 related to gastric cardia, 9 related to gastric body, 8 related to gastric antrum, and 1 related to gastric stump. Clinical symptoms were non-specific and the diagnosis relies on post-operative pathological examination. Using the histological microscope, the affected structures were detected in neuroendocrine systems and tissue linings. Immunohistochemical staining showed that carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratins 8 and 18 (CK8/18) were expressed in 32 and 33 adenocarcinoma-related cases, respectively, whereas synaptophysin (Syn) and chromogranin A (CgA) were revealed in 33 and 27 neuroendocrine-related cases, respectively. Al patients received surgical resection. A total of 17 incidents of death were reported at three years after the operation, and most of the patients were at clinical stageⅢorⅣ. Conclusion:Gastric MANEC is a rare neoplasm and is often diagnosed at its advanced stage and mainly occurs in the aged population. Neuroendocrine structures and glandular tissues are the most frequent location of such condition. Diagnosis relies on both immunohistochemical and histological examinations. Surgical resection is the most effective treatment, but the prognosis of this condition remains poor.
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Objective To explore the effect on walking ability of the orthotic insole produced by the International College of Biomechanics (ICB) when it is combined with an ankle foot orthosis (AFO).Methods A total of 40 stroke survivors with hemiplegia were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,each of 20.In addition to conventional medical treatment and rehabilitation,the control group received AFOs and walking rehabilitation training.The observation group accepted walking training with an ICB orthotic insole combined with an AFO.The experiment lasted 4 weeks.Timed up and go test (TUGT) times,10 m maximum walking speed (10 m MWS) and Berg balance scale (BBS) ratings were recorded before and after the treatment.Results Before the treatment there was no significant difference between the group averages in terms of any of the measures.After the treatment,significant improvement was observed in all of the measurements,with the improvements in the observation group significantly better than those in the control group,on average.Conclusion An ICB orthotic insole combined with an AFO results in better improvements in the walking ability of hemiplegic subjects than an AFO alone.
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A retrospective study was conducted based on the clinical data of 15 choledocholith patients after Billroth-Ⅱgastroenterestomy who were treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) through colonoscopy or duodenoscopy.It showed that choledocholith removed by colonoscopy for patients with Billroth-Ⅱ gastroenterestomy can achieve comparable therapeutic effect,but this method can reduce the operation difficulty,shorten the operation time and significantly increase the success rate.
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Objective:To explore the propaganda methods and propagation path of advertising media cosmetology publicity in accordance with public demand and ethical principles,through understanding college students' acceptance level for advertising media cosmetology publicity and its influence on their choice forcosmetic ways.Methods:With the method of stratified cluster sampling,an anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 210 college students in a university in Shaanxi province.Results:The Internet has become the main way for college students to acquire cosmetology knowledge.A total of 44.7 ％ of the students thought most of the media cosmetology publicity was unbelievable,46.5％ of the students thought that advertising media publicity mainly considered the interests of the beauty institution,72.9％ of the students would not consider the beauty institution the media recommended,62.4％ of the students would choose regular public hospitals,56.3％ of the students would give up the idea of cosmetology due to the news of cosmetic failure,42.2％ of the students could accept minimally invasive plastic surgery,and 68.5 ％ of the students expected to acquire the cosmetology knowledge through expert consultation.Concltusion:At current,the credibility of media cosmetology publicity is not optimistic enough.It should further strengthen the supervision for media cosmetology publicity.Cosmetology advertising media should construct the publicity mode based on ethics,law,governance,occupation,public welfare and social responsibility.
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Objective@#To evaluate the efficacy of treatment at 1 year after completing the 2-year specific sublingual immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).@*Methods@#A retrospective analysis of 124 patients with AR who were allergic to dust mite and treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University since 2012 was performed. All patients achieved sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for 2 years and had a regular follow-up over 1 year. Efficacy evaluation index such as VAS score, total nasal symptom score and total medication score were compared between the time of SLIT for 2 years, and 1 year after termination of SLIT. Paired t test was used for the comparison of scores.@*Results@#Compared with those before treatment, the VAS score, total nasal symptom score and total medication score at the time of SLIT for 2 years were significantly decreased in all patients with AR [(9.40±5.96) vs (24.78±6.36), (4.53±2.06) vs (9.51±2.02), (0.42±0.87) vs (3.02±0.41), t value was 17.627, 24.600, 5.331, respectively, all P<0.01]. Compared with 2 years SLIT treatment, VAS score and total nasal symptom score were significantly increased than 1 year after termination of immunotherapy [(12.52±6.92) vs (9.40±5.96), (5.30±2.36) vs (4.53±2.06), t=5.199, 3.744, respectively, all P<0.01], but the total medication score showed no significant difference [(0.34±0.84) vs (0.42±0.87), t=-1.043, P>0.05].@*Conclusions@#The symptoms after 2 years SLIT in patients with AR have been well controlled. One year after the termination of SLIT, there is a certain rebound in symptoms, 2 years SLIT may not be the ideal treatment cycle for AR.